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Ngena Ngemvume noma Yakha I-akhawunti
Auzibuthe we-neodymium(obeye aziwe njengoNdFeB,I-NIBnomaNeouzibuthe) iwuhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhuluuzibuthe ongavamile.Kuyi-auzibuthe unomphelaeyenziwe ngeingxubevangekwei-neodymium,insimbi, futhiibhoroniukwakha iNd2Fe14Bi-tetragonalisakhiwo sekristalu.Ithuthukiswe ngokuzimela ngo-1984 nguGeneral MotorsfuthiSumitomo Izinsimbi Ezikhethekile, Ozibuthe be-neodymium bawuhlobo oluqine kakhulu lukazibuthe oluhlala njalo olutholakala ngokuthengisa.Ozibuthe be-NdFeB bangahlukaniswa njenge-sintered noma aboshiwe, kuya ngenqubo yokukhiqiza esetshenzisiwe.Bathathe indawo yezinye izinhlobo zozibuthe ezinhlelweni eziningi emikhiqizweni yesimanje edinga ozibuthe abaqinile abangapheli, njengeizinjini zikagesingamathuluzi angenazintambo,ama-hard disk drivenama-fasteners kazibuthe.
Izakhiwo
Amabanga
Ozibuthe be-Neodymium bahlelwa ngokuhambisana naboumkhiqizo wamandla aphezulu, ehlobene nei-magnetic fluxokukhiphayo ngevolumu yeyunithi ngayinye.Amanani aphezulu akhombisa ozibuthe abanamandla.Komazibuthe be-NdFeB, kukhona ukuhlukaniswa okuqashelwa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele.Amanani abo asukela ku-N28 kuye ku-N55.Uhlamvu lokuqala N ngaphambi kwamanani lufushane lwe-neodymium, okusho ukuthi omazibuthe be-NdFeB abahlanganisiwe.Izinhlamvu ezilandela amanani zibonisa ukuphoqelelwa kwangaphakathi kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu okusebenza (ahambisana kahle neIzinga lokushisa le-Curie), okusukela kokuzenzakalelayo (kufika ku-80 °C noma 176 °F) kuya ku-TH (230 °C noma 446 °F).
Amabanga wezibuthe ze-NdFeB ezisikiwe:
- N30 – N55
- I-N30M – N50M
- I-N30H – N50H
- I-N30SH – N48SH
- I-N30UH – N42UH
- I-N28EH – N40EH
- I-N28TH – N35TH
Izakhiwo kazibuthe
Ezinye izakhiwo ezibalulekile ezisetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa omagnethi baphakade yilezi:
- Remanence(Br), ekala amandla kazibuthe.
- Ukuphoqwa(Hci), ukumelana nokokusebenza ukuze kungabi yizibuthe.
- Umkhiqizo wamandla amaningi(BHubuningi), ukuminyana kwamandla kazibuthe, abonakala ngevelu enkulu yeukuminyana kazibuthe(B) izikhathiamandla kazibuthe(H).
- Izinga lokushisa le-Curie(TC), izinga lokushisa lapho impahla ilahlekelwa amandla kazibuthe.
Ozibuthe be-Neodymium banokusebenza okuphezulu, ukuphoqelela okuphakeme kakhulu kanye nomkhiqizo wamandla, kodwa ngokuvamile behlisa izinga lokushisa le-Curie kunezinye izinhlobo zozibuthe.Special neodymium uzibuthe Alloys ukuthi zihlanganisai-terbiumfuthii-dysprosiumathuthukisiwe anezinga lokushisa eliphakeme le-Curie, eliwavumela ukuba abekezelele amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ithebula elingezansi liqhathanisa ukusebenza kazibuthe kozibuthe be-neodymium nezinye izinhlobo zikazibuthe ongunaphakade.
Izakhiwo zomzimba nezemishini
| Impahla | I-Neodymium | I-Sm-Co |
|---|---|---|
| Remanence(T) | 1–1.5 | 0.8–1.16 |
| Ukuphoqwa(MA/m) | 0.875–2.79 | 0.493–2.79 |
| I-recoil permeability | 1.05 | 1.05–1.1 |
| I-temperature coefficient of remanence (%/K) | −(0.12–0.09) | −(0.05–0.03) |
| I-temperature coefficient of coercivity (%/K) | −(0.65–0.40) | −(0.30–0.15) |
| Izinga lokushisa le-Curie(°C) | 310–370 | 700–850 |
| Ukuminyana (g/cm3) | 7.3–7.7 | 8.2–8.5 |
| I-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa, kuhambisana nokuzibuthe (1/K) | (3–4)×10−6 | (5–9)×10−6 |
| I-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa, i-perpendicular to magnetization (1/K) | (1–3)×10−6 | (10–13)×10−6 |
| Amandla e-Flexural(N/mm2) | 200–400 | 150–180 |
| Amandla acindezelayo(N/mm2) | 1000-1100 | 800-1000 |
| Amandla aqinile(N/mm2) | 80–90 | 35–40 |
| Vickers ubulukhuni(HV) | 500–650 | 400–650 |
| Ezogesiukumelana(Ω·cm) | (110–170)×10−6 | (50–90)×10−6 |
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-05-2023